PROTOXYDE D'AZOTE MEDICINAL
AURES GAZ
Identification
- Active ingredient (INN)
- PROTOXYDE D'AZOTE MEDICINAL
- Internal code
- 02 B 015
- Country of Origin
- Algeria
- Pharmaceutical form
- Inhalation Gas
- Prescription List
- OTC
- Packaging
- bouteille de 50 l
DAWA Clinical Workbench v2.0
Information may not be accurate. Always consult a physician, pharmacist, or specialist before acting on any data shown here.
Description
Nitric oxide or
Nitrogen monoxide is a chemical compound with chemical formula NO.
This gas is an important signaling molecule in the body of mammals including humans and is an extremely important intermediate in the chemical industry.
It is also a toxic air pollutant produced by automobile engines and power plants.
Nitric oxide (NO) should not be confused with nitrous oxide (N2O), a general anaesthetic, or with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which is another poisonous air pollutant.
The nitric oxide molecule is a free radical, which is relevant to understanding its high reactivity.
It reacts with the ozone in air to form nitrogen dioxide, signalled by the appearance of the reddish-brown color.
Indications
For the treatment of term and near-term (>34 weeks) neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure
Pharmacodynamics
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) occurs as a primary developmental defect or as a condition secondary to other diseases such as meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), pneumonia, sepsis, hyaline membrane disease, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), and pulmonary hypoplasia.
In these states, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is high, which results in hypoxemia secondary to right-to-left shunting of blood through the patent ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale.
In neonates with
PPHN, Nitric oxide improves oxygenation (as indicated by significant increases in PaO2).
Nitric oxide appears to increase the partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) by dilating pulmonary vessels in better entilated areas of the lung, redistributing pulmonary blood flow away from lung regions with low ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratios toward regions with normal ratios.
Mechanism of Action
Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 Inducer Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 Inhibitor.
Absorption
Nitric oxide is absorbed systemically after inhalation.
Metabolism
via pulmonary capillary bed.
Route of Elimination
Nitrate has been identified as the predominant nitric oxide metabolite excreted in the urine, accounting for >70% of the nitric oxide dose inhaled.
Adverse Effects
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