BIOPAMOX

Amoxicillin, or BRL-2333, is a penicillin G derivative first described in the literature in 1972.

Amoxicillin has similar activity to penicillin and ampicillin, but leads to higher serum concentrations than ampicillin.

Amoxicillin was granted

FDA approval on 18 January 1974.

Amoxicillin alone is indicated to treat susceptible bacterial infections of the ear, nose, throat, genitourinary tract, skin, skin structure, and lower respiratory tract. 17, 18 Amoxicillin is given with calvulanic acid to treat acute bacterial sinusitis, community acquired pneumonia, lower respiratory tract infections, acute bacterial otitis media, skin and skin structure infections, and urinary tract infections. 14, 15, 16 Amoxicillin is given with omeprazole in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection. 11, 13 Amoxicillin is used in combination with vonoprazan and clarithromycin as co-packaged triple therapy or in combination with vonoprazan as co-packaged dual therapy to treat H. pylori infection in adults.

Amoxicillin competitively inhibit penicillin binding proteins, leading to upregulation of autolytic enzymes and inhibition of cell wall synthesis. 9, 10, 5 Amoxicillin has a long duration of action as it is usually given twice daily.

Amoxicillin has a wide therapeutic range as mild overdoses are not associated with significant toxicity.

Patients should be counselled regarding the risk of anaphylaxis, Clostridium difficile infections, and bacterial resistance.

Amoxicillin is approximately 60% bioavailable.

A 250 mg dose of oral amoxicillin reaches a C max 3.93±1.13 mg/L with a T max 1.31±0.33h and an AUC of 27.29±4.72 mg*h/L.

A 875 mg dose of oral amoxicillin reaches a C max 11.21±3.42 mg/L with a T max 1.52±0.40h and an AUC of 55.04±12.68 mg*h/L.

The central volume of distribution of amoxicillin is 27.7 L.

Incubation with human liver microsomes has lead to the detection of 7 metabolites.

M1 metabolite has undergone hydroxylation, M2 has undergone oxidative deamination, M3 to M5 have undergone oxidation of the aliphatic chain, M6 has undergone decarboxylation, and M7 has undergone glucuronidation.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners Amoxicillin Amoxicillin M1 Metabolite Amoxicillin M2 Metabolite Amoxicillin M3 Metabolite Amoxicillin M4 Metabolite Amoxicillin M5 Metabolite Amoxicillin M6 Metabolite Amoxicillin M7 Metabolite.

mg to 1 g doses of amoxicillin are 70-78% eliminated in the urine after 6 hours.

The half life of amoxicillin is 61.3 minutes.

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Patients experiencing an overdose may present with hematuria, oliguria, abdominal pain, acute renal failure, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, hyperactivity, and drowsiness. 7, 14 Treat overdose with symptomatic and supportive treatment, which may include emesis or hemodialysis.