CARTEOL

USP, 1% is a nonselective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent for ophthalmic use.

The chemical name for carteolol hydrochloride is (±)-5-[3-[(1,1-dimethylethyl) amino]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone monohydrochloride.

The structural formula is as follows

C 16 H 24 N 2 O 3 •HCI Mol.

Wt. 328.84 Each mL of sterile solution contains Active: carteolol hydrochloride 10 mg (1%).

Preservative: benzalkonium chloride 0.05 mg (0.005%).

Inactives: sodium chloride, monobasic and dibasic sodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and/or hydrochloric acid (to adjust pH to 6.0 - 8.0) and purified water. chemical.

2% without preservative, eye drops in prolonged release solution is indicated in adults for symptomatic treatment:

• Intraocular hypertonia.

• Chronic open-angle glaucoma.

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Carteolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent with associated intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and without significant membrane-stabilizing activity.

Hydrochloride reduces normal and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) whether or not accompanied by glaucoma.

The exact mechanism of the ocular hypotensive effect of beta-blockers has not been definitely demonstrated.

In general, beta-adrenergic blockers reduce cardiac output in patients in good and poor cardiovascular health.

In patients with severe impairment of myocardial function, beta-blockers may inhibit the sympathetic stimulation necessary to maintain adequate cardiac function.

Beta-adrenergic blockers may also increase airway resistance in the bronchi and bronchioles due to unopposed parasympathetic activity.

Given topically twice daily in controlled domestic clinical trials ranging from 1.5 to 3 months, Carteolol Hydrochloride produced a median percent reduction of IOP 22% to 25%.

No significant effects were noted on corneal sensitivity, tear secretion, or pupil size.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Sensory organs, ophthalmological products, antiglaucoma and miotic preparations, beta-blocking agent, ATC code: S01ED05.

Carteoll is a non-cardioselective beta-blocker, with a partial agonist power [intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ASI) moderate and a non-significant membrane stabilizing effect (local anesthetic or quinidine-like).

On the eye.

• Carteoll hydrochloride collyre lowers intraocular tension, whether or not associated with glaucoma, by decreasing aqueous mood secretion.

• Activity usually manifests about 30 minutes after instillation, reaches its maximum in 2-4 hours and is still present after 24 hours.

• Stability of the hypotensive effect over time: the effect may remain constant for one year.

• A decrease in sensitivity to carteoll hydrochloride remains possible, however, especially after longer treatment.

• It does not have a biological-like properties, but does not have a physical-like properties.

As with other locally applied ophthalmic drugs, this beta-blocker in solution is absorbed into systemic circulation and can therefore induce adverse reactions similar to those observed with systemic beta-blockers.

The incidence of systemic drug adverse reactions is lower after ophthalmic administration than after systemic administration.

The adverse reactions mentioned include those observed with the class of ophthalmic beta-blockers.

The following adverse reactions were reported with the carteoll solution in collyra during clinical trials either post-marketing.

Adverse reactions are classified according to their frequency, as follows: Very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to < 1/10), uncommon (≥ 1/1 000 to < 1/100), rare (≥ 1/10 000 to < 1/100), obverse (≥ 1/10 000 to < 1/1000), low-level (< 1/10,000) and not known (can be estimated on the basis of the available data).

Additional side effects were observed with ophthalmic beta-blockers, including: obroadness, obroadness, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese, obese.

No specific information on emergency treatment of overdosage in humans is available.

Should accidental ocular overdosage occur, flush eye(s) with water or normal saline.

The most common effects expected with overdosage of a beta-adrenergic blocking agent are bradycardia, bronchospasm, congestive heart failure and hypotension.

In case of ingestion, treatment with Carteolol Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution should be discontinued and gastric lavage considered.

The patient should be closely observed and vital signs carefully monitored.

The prolonged effects of carteolol must be considered when determining the duration of corrective therapy.

On the basis of the pharmacologic profile, the following additional measures should be considered as appropriate: Symptomatic Sinus Bradycardia or Heart Block: Administer atropine.

If there is no response to vagal blockade, administer isoproterenol cautiously.

Administer a beta 2 -stimulating agent such as isoproterenol and/or a theophylline derivative.

Administer diuretics and digitalis glycosides as necessary.

Administer vasopressors such as intravenous dopamine, epinephrine or norepinephrine bitartrate.

Carteolol has not been detected in plasma following ocular instillation.

However, as with other topically applied ophthalmic preparations, Carteolol may be absorbed systemically.

The same adverse reactions found with systemic administration of beta-adrenergic blocking agents may occur with topical administration.

For example, severe respiratory reactions and cardiac reactions, including death due to bronchospasm in patients with asthma, and rarely death in association with cardiac failure, have been reported with topical application of beta-adrenergic blocking agents See CONTRAINDICATIONS.

Sympathetic stimulation may be essential for support of the circulation in individuals with diminished myocardial contractility, and its inhibition by beta-adrenergic receptor blockade may precipitate more severe failure.

In Patients Without a History of Cardiac Failure: Continued depression of the myocardium with beta-blocking agents over a period of time can, in some cases, lead to cardiac failure.

At the first sign or symptom of cardiac failure, Carteolol Hydrochloride should be discontinued.

In patients with non-allergic bronchospasm or with a history of non-allergic bronchospasm (e.g., chronic bronchitis, emphysema), Carteolol Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution should be administered with caution since it may block bronchodilation produced by endogenous and exogenous catecholamine stimulation of beta 2 receptors.

The necessity or desirability of withdrawal of beta-adrenergic blocking agents prior to major surgery is controversial.

Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade impairs the ability of the heart to respond to beta-adrenergically mediated reflex stimuli.

This may augment the risk of general anesthesia in surgical procedures.

Some patients receiving beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents have been subject to protracted severe hypotension during anesthesia.

For these reasons, in patients undergoing elective surgery, gradual withdrawal of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents may be appropriate.

If necessary during surgery, the effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agents may be reversed by sufficient doses of such agonists as isoproterenol, dopamine, dobutamine or levarterenol.

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents should be administered with caution in patients subject to spontaneous hypoglycemia or to diabetic patients (especially those with labile diabetes) who are receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents.

Beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents may mask the signs and symptoms of acute hypoglycemia.

Beta-adrenergic blocking agents may mask certain clinical signs (e.g., tachycardia) of hyperthyroidism.

Patients suspected of developing thyrotoxicosis should be managed carefully to avoid abrupt withdrawal of beta-adrenergic blocking agents which might precipitate a thyroid storm.

Carteolol is contraindicated in those individuals with bronchial asthma or with a history of bronchial asthma, or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease See WARNINGS; sinus bradycardia; second.

• and third-degree atrioventricular block; overt cardiac failure See WARNINGS; cardiogenic shock; or hypersensivity to any component of this product.

The usual dose is one drop of Carteolol Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution 1% in the affected eye(s) twice a day. If the patient's IOP is not at a satisfactory level on this regimen, concomitant therapy with pilocarpine and other miotics, and/or epinephrine or dipivefrin, and/or systemically administered carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, such as acetazolamide, can be instituted.

USP, 1% is supplied as a sterile ophthalmic solution in plastic dispenser bottles of 5 mL (NDC 61314-238-05), 10 mL (NDC 61314-238-10) and 15 mL (NDC 61314-238-15).

Store at 15° to 25°C (59° to 77°F) (room temperature) and protect from light.

It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk, although in animal studies carteolol has been shown to be excreted in breast milk.

Caution should be exercised when Carteolol Hydrochloride Ophthalmic Solution is administered to nursing mothers.

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.