NEOSYNEPHRINE FAURE

Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist used to treat hypotension, 6, 8 dilate the pupil, 7 and induce local vasoconstriction.

The action of phenylephrine, or neo-synephrine, was first described in literature in the 1930s.

Phenylephrine was granted

FDA approval in 1939.

Phenylephrine is available in various drug formulations, which have different indications.

Phenylephrine injections are indicated to treat hypotension caused by shock or anesthesia. 6, 8 The ophthalmic formulation is indicated to induce mydriasis 7, 9 and conjunctival vasoconstriction.

The intranasal formulation is used to treat congestion, and a topical formulation is used to treat hemorrhoids.

Off-label uses include priapism and induction of local vasoconstriction.

Phenylephrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that raises blood pressure, 6, 8 dilates the pupils, 7 and causes local vasoconstriction.

Ophthalmic formulations of phenylephrine act for 3-8 hours 7 while intravenous solutions have an effective half life of 5 minutes and an elimination half life of 2.5 hours. 3, 6 Patients taking ophthalmic formulations of phenylephrine should be counselled about the risk of arrhythmia, hypertension, and rebound miosis.

Patients taking an intravenous formulation should be counselled regarding the risk of bradycardia, allergic reactions, extravasation causing necrosis or tissue sloughing, and the concomitant use of oxytocic drugs. 6, 8.

Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor Agonist Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor Agonist Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor Agonist.

Phenylephrine is 38% Oral bioavailable.

Clinically significant systemic absorption of ophthalmic formulations is possible, especially at higher strengths and when the cornea is damaged.

The volume of distribution of phenylephrine is 340 L. 6, 8.

Phenylephrine is mainly metabolized by monoamine oxidase A, monoamine oxidase B, and SULT1A3. 4, 5, 6, 8 The major metabolite is the inactive meta-hydroxymandelic acid, followed by sulfate conjugates. 5, 6, 8 Phenylephrine can also be metabolized to phenylephrine glucuronide.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners Phenylephrine m-hydroxymandelic acid.

86% of a dose of phenylephrine is recovered in the urine with 16% as the unmetabolized drug, 57% as the inactive meta-hydroxymendelic acid, and 8% as inactive sulfate conjugates. 6, 8.

Intravenous phenylephrine has an effective half life of 5 minutes and an elimination half life of 2.5 hours. 3, 6, 8.

Phenylephrine has an average clearance of 2100 mL/min. 6, 8.

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Patients experiencing and overdose may present with headache, hypertension, reflex bradycardia, tingling limbs, cardiac arrhythmias, and a feeling of fullness in the head. 6, 7, 8 Overdose may be treated by supportive care and discontinuing phenylephrine, chronotropic medications, and vasodilators.

Subcutaneous phentolamine may be used to treat tissue extravasation. 1, 7.

Liver warning

This product contains acetaminophen.

Severe liver damage may occur if you take: more than 4,000 mg of acetaminophen in 24 hours with other drugs containing acetaminophen 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day while using this product Allergy alert: Acetaminophen may cause severe skin reactions.

Symptoms may inclide: skin reddening blisters rash If a skin reaction occurs, stop use and seek medical help right away.

Sore throat warning

If sore throat is severe, persists for more than 2 days, is accompanied or followed by fever, headache, rash, nausea, or vomiting, consult a doctor promptly.

Do not use if you are now taking a prescription monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) (certain drugs for depression, psychiatric or emotional conditions, or Parkinson's disease) or for 2 weeks after stopping the MAOI drug.

If you do not know if your prescription drug contains an MAOI, ask a doctor or pharmacist before taking this product. with any other drug containing acetaminophen (prescription or non-prescription).

If you are not sure whether a drug contains acetaminophen, ask a doctor or pharmacist.

Ask a doctor before use if you have liver disease heart disease diabetes high blood pressure thyroid disease trouble urinating due to an enlarged prostate gland cough that occurs with too much phlegm (mucus) persistent or chronic cough such as occurs with smoking, asthma, or emphysema Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are taking the blood thinning drug warfarin.

When using this product, do not exceed recommended dosage Stop use and ask a doctor if nervousness, dizziness, or sleeplessness occur pain, cough, or nasal congestion gets worse or lasts more than 7 days fever gets worse or lasts more than 3 days redness or swelling is present new symptoms occur cough comes back or occurs with a rash or headache that lasts.

These could be signs of a serious condition.

If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before use.

Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose warning

Taking more than the recommended dose (overdose) may cause liver damage.

In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away.

Quick medical attention is critical for adults as well as for children even if you do not notice any signs or symptoms.

Directions do not take more than directed do not take more than 6 doses (180 mL) in any 24-hour period measure only with dosing cup provided.

Do not use any other dosing device. mL= milliliter keep dosing cup with product adults and children 12 years and over 30 mL every 4 hours chlldren under 12 years of age: do not use.